Gas burner construction



Dec. 20, 1960 c. w. ARNOTT ETAL 2,965,165

GAS BURNER CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. 23. 1956 Mmm/MP5 f 5 mwfwn wU/f y? m W uf,

WMM@ any QAM United States Patent GAS BURNER CONSTRUCTION Cornelius W. Arnott, Kirkwood, Stanley F. Jackes, University City, and Ray H. Sheets, St. Louis County, Mo., assignors to Jackes-Evans Manufacturing Company, St. Louis, Mo., a corporation of Missouri Filed Nov. 23, 1956, ser. No. 624,016

z claims. (c1. 15s- 99) This invention relates generally to burners and more particularly to improvements in gas burners for space heaters or the like.

The objects of the present invention are to provide a light, strong and simple burner of the type indicated; to reduce the manufacturing cost of the same in material, labor, and manufacturing operations; to economize the consumption of fuel and yet provide an increased heat producing efficiency as compared with previous burner constructions; and to provide a construction adaptable as a single or multiple unit burner.

More specific objects of the present invention are to provide a burner having fixed air intake openings providing a predetermined combustion ratio for optimum burning efiiciency; smooth interior passage walls to eliminate core obstructions thereby reducing the turbulence of fuel flow to a minimum; dual chambers for providing a more intimate fuel mixture and a more uniform flow of the mixture to the burner ports; long burner ports to prevent ashback; and burner port outlets spaced from the burner body to eliminate flame out and improve secondary air ow characteristics whereby heat distribution is vastly improved.

These and other objects and advantages will become more apparent hereinafter.

Briefly, the invention is embodied in a burner construction having gas and air inlets to a mixing chamber, a primary chamber in communication with the mixing chamber, a secondary chamber in communication with the primary chamber, and burner ports in communication with the secondary chamber.

The present invention consists of the parts and in the combinations and arrangements o-f parts hereinafter described and claimed. In the accompanying ydrawing which forms a part of this specification and wherein like numerals refer to like parts wherever they occur:

Fig. l is a perspective view of a typical burner embodying the present invention,

Fig. 2 is a side elevational View of the burner shown in Fig. l,

fFig. 3 isa cross sectional view taken substantially along line 3 3 of Fig. l, and

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of `a typical multiple unit burner embodying the present invention.

Referring now to Figs. l, 2. and 3 of the drawings, it will be seen that a burner lil embodying the present invention comprises a body portion 11 and a burner head portion 12. The body portion 11 is formed of similar upper and lower members or halves 13 and 14 that are stmped or otherwise formed from suitable material to provide smooth interior surface characteristics for minimizing the turbulence of fuel flow therethrough. The body portion 11 includes a bell-shaped Wall 15 at one end defining a truste-conical mixing chamber 16 into which air and gas are received and mixed. A cap 17 is secured over the outer end 1S of the mixing chamber wall 15 in any suitable manner `as at 19, the cap 17 including a Acentral opening 20 and a plurality of spaced ports 21 arranged in radially spaced relation with the central opening 20. The central opening 20 is adapted to receive the tubular outlet portion 22 of a valve member 23 (shown in broken lines in Fig. 3) for delivering gas into the mixer chamber 16 and air is received in the chamber through the ports 21. The area of the ports 21 is predetermined so that a preselected combustion or fuel-ratio `will be provided, the combustion ratio being controlled. in this manner to assure optimum burning efficiency inasmuch as excessive fuel consumption has resulted primarily from improper adjustment of ya-riable air ports in prior burner devices.

The body portion 11 also includes a tubular Wall portion 26 defining a longitudinal passage or Venturi 27, one end of which is in communication with the mixing chamber 16. The other end of the venturi 27 is in communication with a primary plenum or distribution chamber 28. As shown best in Fig. 3, the primary chamber 28 includes a small or shallow central portion 29 and an enlarged peripheral portion 30. The primary chamber 2S is preferably circular in shape so that no turbulence will be developed therein. Each of the upper and lower body forming halves 13 and 14 includes a circular Wall portion 31 delining the central chamber portion 29, and an annular channel-shaped wall portion 32 dening the enlarged channel portion 36. On the exterior of the body portion 11, the circular wall portion 31 of the upper half 13 forms a depression relative to the annular portion 32 in which the burner head 12 is seated as will become apparent hereinafter. The circular Wall portion 31 of the upper half 13is also provided with spaced openings l 33 through which the primary plenum chamber 28 is in communication with the burner head 12. A tapering wall portion 34 is formed between the venturi wall 26 and the annular wall portion 32 to provide a gradually enlarging throat from the venturi 27 to the enlarged channel portion 30.

The body portion l11 also includes a peripheral ange' 35, a bolt receiving opening 36 being formed in the ange 35 or like fastening means being provided opposite to the valve end .of the burner 10 for mounting the burner 10 for use.

The burner head portion 12 of the burner device -10 comprises similar upper or cap and lower or base members 39 and 40. Each of the members 39 and. 40 includes a central wall v41 and aiperipheral wall or rim l42 interconnected by a frusto-conical wall 43, Fig. 3. The walls 41 and 43 are substantially complementary to the depression formed in .the .outer surface of the upper .half 13l by the circular wall31 and annular wall portion 32, and the lower member v40 is secured in .position in this Ydepression with ,its rim extending over the annular wall portion 32. The lower `member 40 has ,openings 44 formed in the central wall-41 thereof, `the openings 44 .being in registry with -the openings 33 i-n the upperhalf 13. An opening 45 is also provided :through .thewalls .31 .and 41 :of the:

upper half 13 and .lower .member 40, respectively, for receiving acombination .securing and spacing means .4.6 for securing the upper member 39 to the lower member 40 of the burner head 12. The upper member 39 is secured in inverted relation to the lower member 40 so that the central walls 41 are spaced apart and define a secondary plenum or distribution chamber 48 positioned above the primary plenum chamber 28 of the body portion 11 and in communication therewith through the openings 33 and 44.

Still referring to Fig. 3, it will be seen that the openings 33 in the upper half of the body portion 11 are defined by an upstanding annular flange 49, which is adapted to be received through the openings 44 in the lower member 40. The flange 49 is swaged or otherwise bent over the lower member 40 to secure it in place on Patented Dec. 20, 1960 the upper half 13. The combination securing and spacing member 46 includes a large end 51 seated on the circular wall 31 of the lower half 14 and abutting the circular wall 31 of the upper half 13 about the opening 45, and a small end 52 extends through the opening 45 and abuts the central wall 41 of the upper member 39 of the burner head 12. The small end 52 is secured to the upper member 39 in any suitable manner, such as providing a rivettype extension 53 or by a set screw or the like. It is now apparent that the upper member 39 will be securely held in place on the lower member 40 and that the walls of the primary and secondary plenum chambers 28 and 47 will be maintained in predetermined spaced relation by the member 50.

The rim of each of the burner head members 39 and 40 is uted to provide alternate radially-extending grooves 54 and ridges 55. The upper member 39 is secured to the lower member 40 so that the ridges and grooves of the members are aligned to form a plurality of longitudinal ports 56 extending radially outwardly from the secondary plenum chamber 48. An aligning means 59 is shown for maintaining the upper and lower members 39 and 40 of the burner head 12 in position. The aligning means 59 comprises forming an end portion of ridges 55 on opposite sides of the upper member 39 to extend downwardly complementary to the shape of the ridges 55 of the lower member 40, whereby the grooves 54 of the members 39 and 40 will be in abutting position and the ridges S will be aligned to form the longitudinal ports 56. If desired, the lower member 40 may have end portions of ridges 55 on opposite sides formed upwardly to lit into ridges 55 of the upper member 39.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the ports 56 of the burner head portion 12 extend outwardly over the annular wall portion 32 of the upper half 13 so that the outer ends or outlets 60 of the ports 56 are spaced from the wall portion 32 of the body 11. The overhang, as at 61, improves the secondary air ow characteristics at the burner port openings so that flame-oufis minimized and fuel consumption is substantially complete. The secondary air currents at the burner ports are shown by arrows in Fig. 3.

The present burner construction provides an intimate mixture of raw gas and air in a predetermined ratio, the dual plenum chambers 28 and 48 assuring constant fuel pressures and even ow to the burner ports or orifices 56. The present construction also permits the use of longer burner ports whereby flashback into the secondary plenum chamber 48 is eliminated. The overhang 61 or spaced relation of the outlets 60 of the ports S6 with the burner body 11 provides an outwardly ared up draft of secondary air to prevent ameout and improve burning characteristics and heat distribution.

The present burner construction is also adaptable as a multiple unit burner 10', as shown in Fig. 4 wherein the same reference numerals are used for similar parts. In the multiple unit burner 10', the size of the openings between the primary chambers and the secondary chambers of different burner heads 12 may be varied so that the fuel mixture will be metered to the burner heads in substantially equal amounts for even or uniform burning.

The size of the venturi walls 26 may be varied from one primary chamber to the next for the same purpose, or fuel flow may be regulated by varying the size of both the venturi and the openings between primary and secondary chambers. Y

It is to be understood that the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings have been given only by way of illustration and example, and that changes and modifications in the present disclosure, which will be readily apparent to all skilled in the art, are contemplated as within the scope of the present invention, which is limited only by the claims which follow.

What we claim is:

l. In a burner construction including a body portion having a pressure chamber and a burner head portion having a pressure chamber, said chambers having a mutual wall with openings therein and other walls spaced from said mutual wall; a single central spacing member for maintaining the walls of said chambers in spaced relation, said spacing member comprising large and small portions with a shoulder therebetween, the end of the large portion being seated on one of said other walls and the shoulder being in abutment with the mutual wall ad-v jacent to one of the openings therein, the small portion extending through said one opening and having an abutment with the other of said walls, and means for maintaining said small end portion in abutment with said other wall.

2. In a burner construction having a body portion formed from substantially similar upper and lower halves and including a mixing chamber with air and fuel inlets, a venturi passage and a primary fuel pressure cham ber, a burner head portion comprising substantially similar upper and lower plates having frusto-couical central portions and radially fluted peripheral flanges, said upper plate being inverted relative to the lower plate to form a central secondary fuel pressure chamber and said radial flutes of said plates cooperating to form similar radiallyextending burner ports all of which are positioned in the same plane, cooperable aligning means for maintaining the flutes of the plates in port dening relationship, said burner head portion being secured to the body portion above the primary fuel chamber and said ports having substantially continuous fuel discharge margins positioned in spaced relation with said body portion, passage means between the primary and secondary chambers, and a single centrally positioned spacing member maintaining the walls of each chamber in spaced relationship.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 365,899 Bielefeld July 5, 1887 789,662 Keep et al May 9, 1905 1,090,402 Leigh et al Mar. 17, 1914 1,653,285 Houlis Dee. 20, 1927 2,044,953 Palmer June 23, 1936 2,595,005 Shelton et al. Apr. 29, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 22,991 Great Britain of 1904 

